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station this is houston are you ready

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houston we are ready for the event

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leslie county high school this is

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mission control houston please call

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station 4 voice

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yeah

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our station

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this is congressman hal rogers

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with students from leslie county high

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we've got you loud and clear congressman

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and welcome to everybody on board the

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that's commander jeff williams and

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flight engineer kate rubins thank you so

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much for joining us

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today astronaut rubens congratulations

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on your very first space mission

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and commander williams congratulations

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on surpassing astronaut scott kelly's

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record last week for the most days in

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thank you very much

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we have about 500 students here

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who are eager to ask you some questions

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so

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at this time

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let's have the students introduce

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themselves and their questions

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kaylee call it

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commander kate can you put into words

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the emotions you felt the first time

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hey uh

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thanks very much for your question and i

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would just want to tell you guys that it

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was probably the most amazing and

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surprising thing

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in my entire life in terms of the

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emotions that i felt when i saw the

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planet for the first time you just get a

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glimpse of it right out the window of

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the soyuz and it was beautiful and awe

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inspiring at the same time

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my name is james clark

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commander jeff

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how close are we to a new propulsion

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that's a good question in fact we're

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working on new propulsion systems to

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take us to places like mars

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which will take us months to get through

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to get to and that's the closest planet

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what you're talking about is out of the

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solar system heading toward other stars

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that's uh that's a way off in the future

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i think and many would consider it maybe

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even science fiction although i don't

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know if i'd go that far today but it was

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it's way off in the future just because

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of the practical uh problem of the great

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distances that we would have to cover

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hi my name is tommy guyer

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commander kate how is the space station

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helping nasa get closer to a mars

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expedition and what is the timeline for

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the kinds of technologies that we're

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testing out on space station are

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definitely helping us with our goals of

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going beyond low earth orbit so we have

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a really robust exploration program at

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nasa and that's looking at all the kinds

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of things that you need to do to send

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humans in space for long periods of time

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and to send us really far from our home

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planet and so the space station is

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basically a test bed for all of those

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technologies it's not just things that

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are going to be useful

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for this little small slice of nasa for

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the exploration programs but it's

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actually also testing a lot of the

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technologies that we need on earth

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things like recycling our air and our

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water things like medical devices useful

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in remote medical field sites

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places on earth that don't have access

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to the kinds of resources that we enjoy

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every day in the u.s so those sorts of

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technologies that we're testing out for

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mars journeys actually have a lot of

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applicability to solving some problems

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back on earth as well

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hi i'm sean baker

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and jeff

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when you do botanical experiments in

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space how do the plants know which way

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that's a great question and what they do

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is they are drawn to the light so the

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light source is really where they grow

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to and then of course they send their

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roots down into the nutrients that we

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have on board that they're growing in so

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it's it's driven by light

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which is probably true also in the

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hi i'm madison little kate what is the

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most valuable thing you learned in

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elementary school that you continue

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that you continue to use today

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hey i said when i got up here after our

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first few hundreds of

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orbits of the earth i might finally be

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able to pass my fourth grade geology

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exam

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so

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i think there's actually a lot that you

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end up learning in elementary school

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that makes you a a good crew member up

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here things about putting stuff away

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where where it belongs you can see we've

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got a lot of items out on the space

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station we're living in close quarters

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just

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anything that that would be applicable

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to

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having a good elementary school

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classroom plus a lot of lessons on

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geography

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even some physics a lot of biology and

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math going on up here

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hi my name is emily napier and my

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question is for

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um

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it's for jeff

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how has your understanding or view of

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the universe changed since seeing it

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that's a great question it would take me

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a long time to completely answer that

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but uh just to

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um well there's a couple things one you

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learn to appreciate the vastness of

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space uh the the infinity if you will uh

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when you look out into the deep star

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field but also you

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tend to focus and all of us tend to

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focus more on the earth we get off the

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planet and then we look back at the

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earth and see this beautiful magnificent

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planet that is our home

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very unique in uh in the observable

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universe um

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uh uniquely outfitted for our habitation

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if you will um and it is our home so

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that's that it deepens my appreciation

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and understanding of that more than

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anything else

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hi my name is brady crisp and my

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question is for kate

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space travel can put the human body

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through extreme amounts of stress

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what training does an astronaut have to

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go through to be physically and mentally

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that's a great question and we are

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getting ready right now for a spacewalk

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that we're going to do tomorrow that is

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one of the most physically and mentally

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stressful things that we do up here and

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so we do hundreds if not thousands of

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hours of training on earth

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we train in the spacesuits in a giant

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pool underwater in the neutral buoyancy

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laboratory

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we go through every medical test

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imaginable we learn a lot actually about

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human physiology

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just by putting healthy people under

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these kinds of stresses

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these are a lot of the same things that

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you might get when you're putting test

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pilots under very stressful conditions

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as well we go into the centrifuge we've

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both done eight g runs in the centrifuge

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in order to prepare for launch and

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re-entry and so pretty much anything

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that you can imagine you might do to a

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person we've done in training and that

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helps us be prepared for any eventuality

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we feel like we've trained and we can

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handle any situation that comes our way

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hi my name is melissa day and my

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question is for commander jeff

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have you ever seen anything

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i have not seen anything unexplainable

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i've seen things that i didn't quite

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recognize

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but everything has been explainable

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everything

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has been

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explained i mean what you're what you're

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getting at is the ufos and all that i've

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never seen any evidence of of any of

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that everything has been explainable

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albeit some very phenomenal things that

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thank you

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hello my name is emily griffith and my

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question is for kate what advice do you

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have for someone dreaming of becoming an

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i think you should pick something that

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you are extremely passionate about and

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figure out what it is that really drives

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you what do you want to do with your

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life whatever that passion and that

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dream and that goal is

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one of the things that i notice about a

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lot of my fellow astronauts is that

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they're incredibly motivated people that

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they have picked something that they

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are inspired to do and they live out

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that motivation and that inspiration

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every day and i think that's great

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advice for any career and particularly

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if you're dreaming about being an

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astronaut

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hi my name is seth melton uh commander

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jeff what would you tell a six-year-old

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i would tell a six-year-old to just

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continue to dream and then to work hard

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and study hard in school and be a

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responsible

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person in the community as you grow up

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and take on more responsibility and

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serve others around you

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and find what your passions are as you

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get older in terms of of what to study

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and then follow those passions and then

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when doors are open

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be ready to enter those doors

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hi my name is shelby sparks my question

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is for commander kate

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how have you adapted your exercise

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well we just do a whole lot more of it

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up here i enjoy exercising on the ground

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i do a lot of triathlons marathons

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weightlifting crossfit and that's

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basically the same thing that we've got

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up here so we have a resistive exercise

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device obviously we can't lift weights

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in space but we can work against vacuum

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cylinders and so that lets us keep our

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bones healthy and keep our muscles

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strong we run on a treadmill

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we have a bicycle actually it's sitting

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right here next to me and we can get on

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this bicycle in microgravity so we have

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a whole exercise routine and they they

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want to keep us very fit a lot of the

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same things that you guys would be doing

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on earth so if you're out going for a

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run you can think about they might be

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doing the same thing on the space

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station right now

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hi my name is ashley standifer and my

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question is for commander jeff

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jeff how is your experience in space

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influenced your view on intelligent life

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uh well let's see how has it influenced

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my view on life on earth

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i have learned to appreciate earth and

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and uh and the uh provisions that we

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have on earth that are given to us i'm a

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a believer so given to us by our creator

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to uniquely provision us and give us

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what we need uh on earth to not only the

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food and in all those things but uh but

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an atmosphere that recycles itself and

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water and all of those things that we

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need necessary for life

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hi my name is tori watts my question is

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for kate with all the space particles

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how can nasa probes travel vast

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distances in space without colliding

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so we talk about this uh when we're

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flying also and it's a little bit we

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call it the um the big sky little

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airplane theory so there's a lot of

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things that are going around the earth

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there's a lot of things in in low earth

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orbit and there's of course a lot in our

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solar system but the expanse of space is

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so huge

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in general if you're talking about

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things beyond low earth orbit

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you have a pretty low likelihood that

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they're going to collide with each other

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when we're in low earth orbit of course

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we do have a lot of space debris

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sometimes called space junk and there

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are folks on the ground actually that

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can track that for us

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we can boost the station's altitude if

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we need to to avoid any of that space

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junk and so there's whole teams of folks

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out there that are watching uh what's

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going on in low earth orbit and they're

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keeping us safe

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hi my name is kaylee mullins and my

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question is for commander jeff

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how long did it take for you to orient

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yourself to the fact there is no up in

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that's a great question everybody goes

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through an adaptation period when they

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get up here

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the first couple of days you adapt

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fairly rapidly but it can take folks in

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my observation and i've been up here

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with

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probably over 50 people

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over the years

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it takes about six weeks to get fully

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adapted to be able to work in three

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dimensions and not have to rely on a

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logical up or down

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you can make anything up that you want

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to like kate's doing right now

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hi my name is dalton sperlock and my

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question is for kate

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why is it not possible to physically

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well it is physically possible we've

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sent humans to the mune the united

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states has proven that we can actually

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land uh

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people and a large amount of equipment

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on another body

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we are planning right now to send people

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and spacecraft to mars so there's a lot

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of really interesting problems that go

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along with those kinds of long journeys

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and this may be something

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for you guys as you're finishing high

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school getting into college and thinking

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about what you want to do with your

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careers is there something that you're

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really interested in that you could

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study that could help us get spacecraft

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to the surface of a planet i think it's

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a fantastic question

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and it covers all all range of fields

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all range of disciplines

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thank you

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hello my name is nick gibson and my

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question is for commander jeff

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went on a spacewalk can you feel the

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that's a great question outside the

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space station uh the thermal environment

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is extreme and when the sun is shining

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it can be several hundred degrees uh the

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material out there the outside surface

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can be several hundred degrees above

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zero and in at night time it can be a

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150 to 180 degrees below zero so our

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spacesuit actually protects us

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from those extremes we have a cooling

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system that

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helps keep us from overheating

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and usually we have it on minimum

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because it's very easy to get cold out

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there uh and then also the ground team

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does some predictions to keep us out of

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the extremely hot areas especially and

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to warn us of those so we plan the

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spacewalks to stay out of the extremely

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hot areas but beyond that the spacesuit

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protects us

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thank you

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i think we have time for one more quick

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hi my name is kennedy howard and my

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question is for kate is space flight

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something that will one day be

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i certainly hope so i think that space

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travel is one of the most fascinating

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and interesting things that we do as

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human beings and it really

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shows us what we can accomplish when we

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are working together on a goal

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i have experienced so much wonder and so

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much joy just being up here for the

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first time in space and so my dream

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would be to be able to share that with

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you and to have

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many people be able to experience

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the kinds of things that that we see as

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incredible phenomenon just on a daily

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basis in orbit around our planet

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thank you

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can you tell us over what part of the

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we go around the earth every 90 minutes

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we've been busy preparing the suits we

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do have passes over the u.s this

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afternoon so every orbit we're coming

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over a little bit farther west

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i don't know exactly where we are at the

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moment

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but if we're not over

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we we will we will wave at you

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well thank you commander williams and

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astronaut rubens for joining us today

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and oh by the way good luck on your

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spacewalk

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tomorrow

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and

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thank you very much it was great to have

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you on board today

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station this is houston acr

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thank you to all participants and guests

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from leslie county high school stationed